Description
Mechanism of Action
Tramadol inhibits reuptake of norepinephrine, serotonin and enhances serotonin release. It alters perception and response to pain by binding to mu-opiate receptors in the CNS.
Onset: Approx 1 hr.
Duration: 9 hr.
Absorption: Readily absorbed from the GI tract. Bioavailability: Approx 70-75% (oral); 100% (IM).
Distribution: Widely distributed. Crosses the placenta and enters breast milk.
Metabolism: Extensive hepatic first-pass metabolism. Converted to O-desmethyltramadol (active) via N– and O-demethylation by CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 isoenzymes and also via glucuronidation or sulfation.
Excretion: Via urine (as metabolites). Elimination half-life: Approx 6 hr.
MIMS Class
Analgesics (Opioid)
ATC Classification
N02AX02 – tramadol; Belongs to the class of other opioids. Used to relieve pain.;
