Description
Mechanism of Action
Isosorbide dinitrate relaxes vascular smooth muscles by stimulating cyclic-GMP. It decreases left ventricular pressure (preload) and arterial resistance (afterload).
Onset: 2-5 min (sublingual); <1 hr (oral as conventional tab).
Duration: 2 hrs (sublingual); 4-6 hr (oral as conventional tab).
Absorption: Readily absorbed from the oral mucosa (sublingual) and from the GIT (oral); absorbed from the skin (topical).
Distribution: Widely distributed: Smooth muscle cells of the blood vessels.
Metabolism: Extensive hepatic first-pass metabolism; converted to isosorbide-2-mononitrate and isosorbide-5-mononitrate.
Excretion: Elimination half-life: 45-60 min (sublingual); 20 min-4 hr (IV, oral).
MIMS Class
Anti-Anginal Drugs
ATC Classification
C05AE02 – isosorbide dinitrate; Belongs to the class of muscle relaxants. Used in the topical treatment for the treatment of hemorrhoids and anal fissures.;
C01DA08 – isosorbide dinitrate; Belongs to the class of organic nitrate vasodilators. Used in the treatment of cardiac disease.;
