Description
Mechanism of Action
Ethambutol interferes with RNA synthesis, causing suppression of Mycobacteria multiplication. It also has bacteriostatic action against M tuberculosis by acting on rapidly growing pathogens in cavity walls and is also effective in slow-growing pathogens. Has some action against atypical opportunistic Mycobacteria e.g. M kansasii, M avium complex (MAC).
Absorption: 80% is absorbed from the GI tract (oral).
Distribution: Lungs, kidneys, erythrocytes, CSF (in meningitis); crosses the placenta and enters breast milk.
Metabolism: Hepatic: Converted to the aldehyde and dicarboxylic acid derivatives (inactive).
Excretion: Via urine (as unchanged, 8-15% as metabolites), via faeces (20% as unchanged); 3-4 hr (elimination half-life).
Ethambutol interferes with RNA synthesis, causing suppression of Mycobacteria multiplication. It also has bacteriostatic action against M tuberculosis by acting on rapidly growing pathogens in cavity walls and is also effective in slow-growing pathogens. Has some action against atypical opportunistic Mycobacteria e.g. M kansasii, M avium complex (MAC).
Absorption: 80% is absorbed from the GI tract (oral).
Distribution: Lungs, kidneys, erythrocytes, CSF (in meningitis); crosses the placenta and enters breast milk.
Metabolism: Hepatic: Converted to the aldehyde and dicarboxylic acid derivatives (inactive).
Excretion: Via urine (as unchanged, 8-15% as metabolites), via faeces (20% as unchanged); 3-4 hr (elimination half-life).
MIMS Class
Anti-TB Agents
ATC Classification
J04AK02 – ethambutol; Belongs to the class of other drugs used in the systemic treatment of tuberculosis.;
